Factors Affecting Survival in Patients with ECMO After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is critical for patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure post-cardiac surgery. This systematic review examines factors influencing survival, including preoperative characteristics, ECMO duration, hospital stay, lactate levels, and ejection fraction (EF). Studies were analyzed, revealing that age, comorbidities, preoperative EF, timing and duration of ECMO, and complications such as infections significantly impact survival. Future research should refine patient selection, ECMO management, and postoperative care to improve outcomes.