Meaning of Ventricular Parameters of Heart in People of Different Age Groups: TAPSE Effectiveness based on Descriptive Statistics

Abstract

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) represent the most common congenital anomalies worldwide and remain the leading cause of mortality among infants and young children. Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a serious complication of many CHDs, but early detection remains challenging.
Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE) is increasingly recognized as a sensitive and reliable parameter for assessing RV systolic function. This study aimed to evaluate echocardiographic characteristics in a heterogeneous cohort and determine the effectiveness of TAPSE in identifying RV dysfunction.
Methods. A cross-sectional observational analysis was conducted in 300 patients aged 0- 70 years who underwent comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography. Structural and functional cardiac parameters were measured according to American Society of Echocardiography guidelines. Variables assessed included LVIDd, LVIDs, RVDd, IVSd, LVPWd, MPA, AOD, ASC, LA, RA, EF, FS, RVSP, RVEF, and TAPSE. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the cohort, and special emphasis was placed on indicators of right ventricular performance (TAPSE, RVSP, RVDd, RVEF).
Results. Left ventricular systolic function was preserved in most patients (EF: 68.03 ± 0.38%), whereas right ventricular functionparameters demonstrated substantial impairment. Mean RVSP was elevated (32.65 ± 1.43 mmHg), while both RVEF (18.17 ± 1.69%) and TAPSE (6.37 ± 0.61 mm) were markedly reduced compared with established normal values. These findings indicate widespread RV systolic dysfunction across the cohort. TAPSE showed strong concordance with RVEF and RVSP and emerged as a sensitive marker for early detection of right ventricular impairment, consistent with findings reported by other authors.
Conclusion. The study reveals a high prevalence of right ventricular systolic dysfunction in this heterogeneous population. TAPSE proved to be an effective, simple, and clinically informative indicator of RV function, demonstrating strong diagnostic and prognostic value. Its ease of measurement and correlation with other RV parameters highlight TAPSE as a valuable tool for routine assessment and long-term follow-up of patients with congenital and acquired cardiac abnormalities.